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Background: Malaria is a major health issue in tropical and subtropical areas. Out of all subtypes, Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) is the most dangerous form accounting for high mortality and morbidity. It is transmitted by infected female anopheles mosquitoes and infected blood transfusions. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study is to establish correct diagnosis by direct microscopy, Immunochromatographic test (ICT), and molecular studies. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the PG Department of Microbiology, SCB Medical College, Cuttack. Thick blood smears were drawn and then stained with Leishman’s stain to visualize falciparum rings. DNA was extracted from infected blood samples by phenol chloroform method with some modification as described by Sambrook and Russel for molecular analysis. Results: In the present study, 150 cases of malaria were analyzed. The male: female ratio was 1.7:1 and age ranged from 0 to 56 years. The Plasmodium vivax positivity was compared with thin smear to 21 (84%) in ICT, 100% both polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and loop mediated isothermal amplification assay (LAMP) assays followed by the Pf positivity as 76 (92.7%) in ICT, 82 (100%) both PCR and LAMP assays, respectively. The results obtained were statistically significant with P < 0.001. The PCR and LAMP showed 100% response to specificity and positive predictive value. Conclusion: The present study established the role of molecular tests such as PCR and LAMP are highly specific for diagnosis of Plasmodium species whereas they are more or less similar in sensitivity as compared to other diagnostic methods such as ICT and microscopy.
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@#ObjectiveTo prepare colloidal gold immunochromatographic test paper for rapid detection of Legionella pneumophila(LP)and test its performance to ensure that it meets the national clinical diagnostic standards.MethodsLP colloidal gold immunochromatographic test paper was prepared based on double antibody sandwich ELISA,and tested for the cross reactivity,anti-interference,sensitivity,hook effect,stability and other aspects.ResultsLP colloidal gold immunochromatography test paper showed no cross reaction with 22 common pathogens in respiratory tract such as Moraxella catarrhalis,and was not affected by internal and external interferences in respiratory tract;The minimum detection limit for LP was 2.00 × 105cfu/mL,with good sensitivity and no hook effect;Under the conditions of accelerated aging at 45 ℃,simulated high temperature transportation and frozen transportation,the repeatability and stability of test paper were not affected,and the stability was good in the same batch and between different batches.ConclusionThe prepared LP colloidal gold immunochromatographic test paper realized rapid detection of LP,which was simple to operate and had good application prospect and popularization value.
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@#Objective To develop a colloidal gold immunochromatographic test strip for rapid and accurate detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.aeruginosa,Pa).Methods After bioinformatics analysis of Pa outer membrane protein OprF,the gene sequence with abundant antigenic determinants and high intraspecific homology was chemically synthesized,and then connected to pET-28a(+)vector to construct the expression vector pET-28a-OprF,which was transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3)and induced by IPTG. The recombinant OprF protein was purified by Ni Sepharose~(TM)6 Fast Flow and used to immunize two female BALB/c mice for 3～4 times by multi-point subcutaneous injection in the back at the first immunization and intraperitoneal injection at subsequent immunizations. The monoclonal antibodies were screened by animal cell fusion technique,and the colloidal gold immunochromatographic test strip for rapid detection of Pa was prepared by using monoclonal antibody and double antibody sandwich immunochromatography technique. The specificity,sensitivity and stability of the test strip were evaluated.Results Two monoclonal antibodies,Pa-1# and Pa-2#,were obtained with the titer of 1∶409 600,and both of them recognized OprF specifically. The prepared colloidal gold immunochromatographic test strip showed a sensitivity of 1. 0×10~6CFU/mL and had no cross reaction with 9 common respiratory pathogens with a good stability.Conclusion The prepared colloidal gold immunochromatographic test strip can detect Pa rapidly within 15 min,with high specificity and good stability.
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Purpose: Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is an infection of the lung usually caused by Aspergillus fumigatus in patients with pre-existing pulmonary diseases. Its diagnosis hinges on demonstrating IgG antibodies against A. fumigatus. Herein, we evaluated the performance of a newly introduced point of care test (POCT) kit, the LDBio Aspergillus IgG/IgM lateral flow assay (LFA) in India with the standard ImmunoCAP kit for diagnosing CPA. Methods: A total of 60 serum samples (30 CPA cases and 30 controls) were evaluated by the Aspergillus immunochromatographic test (ICT) IgG/IgM LFA. Fluorescent-enzyme immunoassay was used to determine specific A. fumigatus-IgG concentrations (positive >27 mgA/L). Further, a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies (up to August 26, 2021) reporting the performance of LDBio ICT for the diagnosis of CPA was performed. Result: A sensitivity of 86.7%, specificity of 90%, negative predictive value of 87.1%, positive predictive value of 89.7%, negative likelihood ratio of 0.15, positive likelihood ratio of 8.67, and was observed for the LDBio IC. There was good agreement between LDBio ICT and ImmunoCAP (88.3%) with a Cohen's Kappa score of 0.77. Our systematic review identified four studies and the pooled sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 91%, area under the curve of 0.94 and diagnostic odds ratio of 57.2, for CPA diagnosis by LDBio ICT. Conclusion: Aspergillus LDBio ICT assay exhibits good sensitivity and can be used to screen CPA cases
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Objetivou-se através deste trabalho, determinar a prevalência de cinomose canina no semiárido da Paraíba, através de testes rápidos imunocromatográficos, correlacionando-a com os principais achados clínicos e hematológicos. Foram analisadas 67 fichas de animais em que foram realizados testes rápidos para pesquisa de antígeno em amostras nasais e oculares no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2019. Observou-se que 47% (32/67) dos cães analisados foram positivos para cinomose canina. As variáveis que apresentaram diferença estatística significativa (p<0,05) para a infecção foram animais sem raça definida 60% (21/35), animais não vacinados 70% (29/42), e período seco do ano, sendo o mês de agosto (40%; 13/32), com maior ocorrência. Os principais sistemas afetados foram o respiratório 61% (17/28), oftalmológico 70% (22/31), nervoso 69% (13/19), dermatológico 45% (9/20), e gastrintestinal 42% (6/14). As principais alterações hematológicas foram anemia 66% (23/32), leucopenia 76% (19/25) e linfopenia 48% (15/31). Concluiu-se que foi elevada a ocorrência de cinomose canina em animais com suspeita clínica no Semiárido Paraibano, e animais sem raça definida, não vacinados, no período seco do ano foram mais diagnosticados com a enfermidade.
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of distemper canine distemper vírus (CDV) infection in the semi-arid region of Paraíba, using rapid immunochromatographic tests, correlating it with the main clinical and hematological findings. 67 records of animals were analyzed in which rapid tests were performed for antigen research in nasal and ocular from January to December 2019. It was observed that 47% (32/67) of compulsory dogs were positive for canine distemper. The variables that defined difference difference (p <0.05) for infection were mixed breed animals 60% (21/35), unvaccinated animals 70% (29/42), and dry period of the year, being the August (40%; 13/32), with greater occurrence. The main affected systems were the respiratory 61% (17/28), ophthalmological 70% (22/31), nervous 69% (13/19), dermatological 45% (9/20), and gastrointestinal 42% (6/14 )) The main changes were hematological, anemia 66% (23/32), leukopenia 76% (19/25) and lymphopenia 48% (15/31). It was concluded that the occurrence of canine distemper in animals with clinical suspicion in the Semiarid Paraibano was high, and non-vaccinated mixed-breed animals in the dry period of the year were more diagnosed with the disease.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Distemper/diagnosis , Distemper/immunology , Chromatography, Affinity/methods , Chromatography, Affinity/veterinary , Dogs/blood , Dogs/virology , Hematologic TestsABSTRACT
Objetivou-se através deste trabalho, determinar a prevalência de cinomose canina no semiárido da Paraíba, através de testes rápidos imunocromatográficos, correlacionando-a com os principais achados clínicos e hematológicos. Foram analisadas 67 fichas de animais em que foram realizados testes rápidos para pesquisa de antígeno em amostras nasais e oculares no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2019. Observou-se que 47% (32/67) dos cães analisados foram positivos para cinomose canina. As variáveis que apresentaram diferença estatística significativa (p<0,05) para a infecção foram animais sem raça definida 60% (21/35), animais não vacinados 70% (29/42), e período seco do ano, sendo o mês de agosto (40%; 13/32), com maior ocorrência. Os principais sistemas afetados foram o respiratório 61% (17/28), oftalmológico 70% (22/31), nervoso 69% (13/19), dermatológico 45% (9/20), e gastrintestinal 42% (6/14). As principais alterações hematológicas foram anemia 66% (23/32), leucopenia 76% (19/25) e linfopenia 48% (15/31). Concluiu-se que foi elevada a ocorrência de cinomose canina em animais com suspeita clínica no Semiárido Paraibano, e animais sem raça definida, não vacinados, no período seco do ano foram mais diagnosticados com a enfermidade.
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of distemper canine distemper vírus (CDV) infection in the semi-arid region of Paraíba, using rapid immunochromatographic tests, correlating it with the main clinical and hematological findings. 67 records of animals were analyzed in which rapid tests were performed for antigen research in nasal and ocular from January to December 2019. It was observed that 47% (32/67) of compulsory dogs were positive for canine distemper. The variables that defined difference difference (p <0.05) for infection were mixed breed animals 60% (21/35), unvaccinated animals 70% (29/42), and dry period of the year, being the August (40%; 13/32), with greater occurrence. The main affected systems were the respiratory 61% (17/28), ophthalmological 70% (22/31), nervous 69% (13/19), dermatological 45% (9/20), and gastrointestinal 42% (6/14 )) The main changes were hematological, anemia 66% (23/32), leukopenia 76% (19/25) and lymphopenia 48% (15/31). It was concluded that the occurrence of canine distemper in animals with clinical suspicion in the Semiarid Paraibano was high, and non-vaccinated mixed-breed animals in the dry period of the year were more diagnosed with the disease.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Chromatography, Affinity/veterinary , Distemper/diagnosis , Distemper Virus, Canine , Dogs/virology , Clinical Laboratory Techniques/veterinary , Semi-Arid Zone , DiagnosisABSTRACT
Background:The gold standard for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection requires an endoscopic biopsy of gastric mucosa for histological examination, ureasetest and culture; however serological tests are useful as a screening test for Helicobacter pylori infection.Objective:To compare between Immunochromatographic Test and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay techniques in detection of Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin gamma antibodiesin serum of patients suffer from gastritis.Materials and Methods:245 patients were screened for Helicobacter pylori infections by rapid urease test. Sera from these patients were tested for anti-Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin gamma antibodiesby Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Immunochromatographic Test techniques.Results:Of 245 patients tested, Immunochromatographic Test positive/negative 114 (46.5%)/131 (53.5%), whereas Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay positive/negative were 124 (50.6%)/121 (49.4%). Sensitivity/ specificity was 67.4%/74.5% and 90.2%/89.3% for Immunochromatographic Test/Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay positive/negative, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy was 71%/89.7% for Immunochromatographic Test/Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay, respectively.Conclusion:The Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay technique was found to be more sensitive, specific and accurate compared to the Immunochromatographic Test while The ImmunochromatographicTest is commercially available, inexpensive and easy to perform compared to the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay.
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Toxoplasmosis is a neglected tropical disease with a global distribution that is estimated to infect one third of the world’s human population. This study was a comparison of ELISA and rapid Immunochromatographic tests (ICT) in diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in Port Harcourt Nigeria. Eight hundred patients grouped in four categories from three Health Care Centres were randomly sampled after due ethical approval was obtained. Samples were analysed using Toxo IgG-IgM rapid test (ICT) and Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. Socio Demo graphic Data were obtained using well-structured questionnaires. The seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis based on ICT was 28.1% while that of ELISA was 34.5% both significant (P < 0.05) with a relative risk of 0.815. The diagnostic parameters of ICT versus ELISA IgG were sensitively 46.7% specificity 81.7% positive predictive value (PPV) 57.3%, Negative predictive value (NPV) 74.4with a diagnostic efficiencyof 69.6%Cohen Kappas indicate good to moderate agreement between the two tests for detecting IgG. Although ELISA is the gold standard for diagnosing toxoplasmosis,ICT being less expensive, faster with high specificity and good diagnostic efficiency indetecting IgG is recommended as a preliminary screening tool for diagnosing toxoplasmosis in remote areas and facilities because ELISAislaborious, expensive and not readily available
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BACKGROUND Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is an infectious disease that is a significant cause of death among infants aged under 1 year and the elderly in Brazil. Serodiagnosis is a mainstay of VL elimination programs; however, it has significant limitations due to low accuracy. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate three recombinant Leishmania infantum proteins (rFc, rC9, and rA2) selected from previous proteomics and genomics analyses to develop enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunochromatographic tests (ICT) for the serodiagnosis of human VL (HVL) and canine VL (CVL). METHODS A total of 186 human (70 L. infantum-infected symptomatic, 20 other disease-infected, and 96 healthy) and 185 canine (82 L. infantum-infected symptomatic, 27 L. infantum-infected asymptomatic, and 76 healthy) sera samples were used for antibody detection. FINDINGS Of the three proteins, rA2 (91.5% sensitivity and 87% specificity) and rC9 (95.7% sensitivity and 87.5% specificity) displayed the best performance in ELISA-HVL and ELISA-CVL, respectively. ICT-rA2 also displayed the best performance for HVL diagnosis (92.3% sensitivity and 88.0% specificity) and had high concordance with immunofluorescence antibody tests (IFAT), ELISA-rK39, IT-LEISH®, and ELISAEXT. ICT-rFc, ICT-rC9, and ICT-rA2 had sensitivities of 88.6%, 86.5%, and 87.0%, respectively, with specificity values of 84.0%, 92.0%, and 100%, respectively for CVL diagnosis. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The three antigens selected by us are promising candidates for VL diagnosis regardless of the test format, although the antigen combinations and test parameters may warrant further optimisation.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Leishmania infantum/immunology , Chromatography, AffinityABSTRACT
ABSTRACT In this study, the performance of the "RESIST-3 O.K.N. K-SeT" (Coris BioConcept, Gembloux, Belgium) immunochromatographic assay was evaluated in 132 Klebsiella pneumoniae comprising 102 carbapenem resistant and 30 carbapenem susceptible isolates. Genotypically known isolates of Gram negative bacteria (n = 22) including various species were also tested by the assay as controls. The isolates tested by the immunochromatographic assay and also were run PCR for bla KPC, bla IMP, bla VIM, bla NDM, and bla OXA-48. The rates of bla NDM, bla OXA-48, and bla KPC in carbapenem resistant isolates were found at 52.9%, 39.2%, and 2.0%, respectively. Both bla NDM and bla OXA-48 were found in six (5.9%) isolates. The results of the assay showed 100% concordance with those obtained by PCR in 132 K. pneumoniae. The agreement between the two methods was found to be identical at the isolate level. The assay also correctly detected all genotypically known isolates of Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacae, K. pneumoniae carrying bla KPC, bla NDM, and/or bla OXA-48. On the other hand, the assay did not exhibit any cross-reaction in control isolates harboring bla IMP and bla VIM. We conclude that the RESIST-3 O.K.N. K-SeT is a reliable, rapid, and user friendly test and we recommend it for routine diagnostic laboratories.
Subject(s)
Humans , Bacterial Proteins/analysis , beta-Lactamases/analysis , Klebsiella Infections/microbiology , Immunoassay/methods , Klebsiella pneumoniae/enzymology , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , Turkey , beta-Lactamases/metabolism , Carbapenems/pharmacology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Klebsiella pneumoniae/drug effects , Klebsiella pneumoniae/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Background: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of ubiquitous distribution. During rainy seasons, in spring and summer and also during harvest times, the risk of leptospirosis increases as there are chances of frequent contact with infected rat population which is common in Karnataka as farming is a main source of income to the people here. There is a paucity of data regarding the prevalent serovars from Karnataka. This study was undertaken as an attempt to compare a battery of tools such as immunochromatographic test (ICT), microscopic agglutination test (MAT), immunoglobulin M (IgM) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and in-house polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect leptospirosis. Settings and Design: This study using consecutive sampling technique was conducted in a tertiary care centre, Mysore, Karnataka. Subjects and Methods: Samples from 783 suspected cases of leptospirosis in and around Mysore between April 2013 and April 2016 were processed. Samples from 783 patients suspected of leptospirosis were subjected to ICT, IgM ELISA, MAT and in-house PCR. Statistical Analysis Used: The statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software version. Results: Among 783 samples tested, only 14 (1.7%) were positive by ICT, 341 (44%) were positive by IgM ELISA, 368 (47%) were positive by MAT and 393 (50.2%) were positive by in-house PCR. Conclusions: Mysore can be considered endemic for leptospirosis. The in-house PCR based on LipL32 gene proved to be useful in the early diagnosis of leptospirosis.
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Background: Differentiating scrub typhus from other acute febrile illness is difficult due to non specificity of clinical symptoms and relative absence of eschar in Indian population. The diagnosis thus relies mainly on laboratory tests. Antibody based serological tests are mainstay of scrub typhus diagnosis. Here, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of IgM ELISA, IgM IFA and ICT to detect antibodies against O. tsutsugamushi in acute serum of febrile patients. Methodology: The serum samples from 600 randomly selected patients suffering from acute undifferentiated fever were tested by all the three tests mentioned above. We used latent class analysis to generate unbiased results as all the tests for scrub typhus diagnosis are imperfect and none of them can be considered as reference standard. Results: We found that IgM ELISA with cutoff titer 0.5 OD has high diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity 99.9% and specificity 99.15) than IgM IFA (sensitivity 96.8% and specificity 99.7%) for scrub typhus diagnosis. ICT used in our study had very high specificity 100% but low sensitivity (38%) which would limit its use for acute serum samples. ICT being a screening or point of care test, has to be more sensitive while some compromise with specificity is affordable. Hence, optimal cutoff for ICT should be evaluated under different settings. Conclusion: IgM ELISA being simple and affordable could be an alternative diagnostic test to IgM IFA which is subjective and costly.
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Objective To research and develop the immunochromatographic detection technology of upcon-verting nanoparticles(UCNP)-based rapid fluorescence quantitative procalcitonin (PCT ) detection .Methods UCNP (NaYF4 :Yb3+ ,Er3+ ) was prepared by solvothermal method ,which was the compound of rare earth yt-terbium and erbium with four fluorine sodium yttrium .UNCP was conducted the modification and silica (SiO2 ) packing by using the reverse microemulsion method .Then the PCT determination method was estab-lished by using the dry-type immunochromatographic technology .Results The water-soluble UCNP with good dispersibility was successfully prepared by using the reverse microemulsion method .The lowest detection limit for detecting PCT by UCNP-based dry-type immunochromatographic technology was 0 .02 ng/mL ,the linear range was 0 .05 -44 .00 ng/mL ,the intra-batch and inter-batch coefficients variable(CV) were <10％and 13％ respectively .Conclusion UCNP-based immunochromatography technology is a rapidly and sensitively effective method for quantitatively detecting serum PCT .
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Leptospirosis is a febrile zoonotic disease. Routine diagnosis of leptospirosis is based on the detection of specific antibodies with serological tests. The aim of our study was to determine the usefulness of immunochromatographic assay (ICA), ImmuneMed Leptospira IgM Duo Rapid test kit from Korea, in rapid screening of acute leptospirosis in emergency cases with limited expertise. A total of 197 serum samples (93 positive, 104 negative) were selected randomly. The test has good diagnostic sensitivity 73% and specificity 90%. With positive predictive value of 87% and negative predictive value of 79%, this reassures patients have higher chance of correct diagnosis. This ICA is acceptable for screening of leptospirosis but confirmation with microscopic agglutination test should follow.
Subject(s)
Humans , Agglutination Tests , Antibodies , Diagnosis , Emergencies , Chromatography, Affinity , Immunoglobulin M , Korea , Leptospira , Leptospirosis , Mass Screening , Sensitivity and Specificity , Serologic Tests , ZoonosesABSTRACT
Introdução: A hanseníase é de grande importância para a saúde pública, devido à sua epidemiologia e a seu poder incapacitante. A eficiência no diagnóstico desta doença é limitada. O objetivo deste estudo foi o de analisar o desempenho de um teste rápido imunocromatográfico para hanseníase multibacilar (MB) e paucibacilar (PB), em amostras positivas e negativas pela baciloscopia de raspado dérmico em pacientes diagnosticados com hanseníase, comparando analiticamente com os critérios da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). Métodos: O estudo foi realizado no município de Ji-Paraná/RO, entre 2015 e 2016, sendo avaliados 140 indivíduos. A análise comparativa entre os métodos foi realizada pelo cálculo de sensibilidade e especificidade utilizando o software SPSS®. Foi estimado o índice de Kappa (k) para avaliação da concordância entre os métodos. Valores de p <0,05 foram considerados significativos. Resultados: O índice de concordância entre o teste rápido e a classificação da OMS foi de k= 0,94 (p <0,01). Quando comparado a baciloscopia de indivíduos com hanseníase PB e o teste rápido, foi verificada concordância não significante (k= 0,01; p= 0,59). Comparando a concordância entre a baciloscopia de indivíduos com hanseníase MB e o teste rápido, foi detectado um índice de k= 0,64 (p <0,01). Além disso, sensibilidade de 94% e especificidade de 98% foram detectadas para hanseníase PB. Para hanseníase MB a sensibilidade foi de 95% e a especificidade de 98%. Conclusão: O teste rápido avaliado é uma ferramenta útil, rápida e eficaz no auxílio do diagnóstico da hanseníase. (AU)
Introduction: Leprosy is of great importance for public health because of its epidemiology and disabling power. Efficiency in the diagnosis of this disease is limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of a rapid immunochromatographic test for multibacillary (MB) and paucibacillary (BP) leprosy, in positive and negative samples by skin smear examination in patients with leprosy, and to compare the rapid test analytically with World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Methods: The study was conducted in the municipality of Ji-Paraná/RO, Brazil, between 2015 and 2016. In total, 140 individuals were evaluated. For a comparative analysis of the methods, sensitivity and specificity were calculated using SPSS® software. The Kappa (k) index was used to evaluate agreement between the methods. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Regarding agreement between the rapid test and WHO classification, k index was 0.94 (p < 0.01). When skin smear of individuals with BP leprosy was compared to the rapid test, agreement was non-significant (k = 0.01; p = 0.59). For agreement between skin smear of individuals with MB leprosy and the rapid test, a k index of 0.64 (p < 0.01) was detected. In addition, for PB leprosy sensitivity was 94% and specificity was 98%, while for MB leprosy sensitivity was 95% and specificity was 98%. Conclusion: The rapid test is a useful tool, fast and effective in aiding the diagnosis of leprosy. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Leprosy, Multibacillary/diagnosis , Leprosy, Multibacillary/epidemiology , Leprosy, Paucibacillary/diagnosis , Leprosy, Paucibacillary/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Abstract Human adenoviruses comprise an important group of etiologic agents that are responsible for various diseases in adults and children, such as respiratory, ocular, gastroenteric, and urinary infections. In immunocompromised and organ-transplanted individuals, these agents can cause generalized infections. Rapid diagnostic methods for detecting these infectious agents are not widely available.The aim of this work was to produce monoclonal and polyclonal anti-adenovirus antibodies to be used in a rapid diagnostic test for respiratory infections.Adenovirus hexons were satisfactorily purified by ultracentrifugation and chromatography. After virus purification, anti-hexon monoclonal antibodies were produced and characterized, following classical methods. Antibodies were specific for adenoviruses 2, 3, 5, and 41. The proposed immunochromatographic test was standardized using colloidal gold.The standardization of the rapid test was sufficient to detect adenovirus antigens (in nasopharyngeal lavage samples) with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 85% when compared to direct immunofluorescence.The immunochromatographic assay prototype was sufficiently sensitive to detect B (3), C (2 and 5), and F (41) adenovirus samples. Although based on preliminary data, the test demonstrated the same performance as direct immunofluorescence, but with the advantage of being a point-of-care test. Further studies are still needed to confirm its effectiveness in clinical practice.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adenoviruses, Human/classification , Chromatography, Affinity/methods , Adenoviridae Infections/diagnosis , Adenoviridae Infections/virology , Antibodies, Viral/bloodABSTRACT
A fluorescent immunochromatographic test strip based on the quantum dots submicrobeads (QBs) was developed for quantitative detection of chloramphenicol (CAP). In this method, monoclonal antibody of CAP and OBs complex fluorescent probe was first prepared using 1-ethyl-3-( 3-dimethylaminopropyl ) carbodiimide / N-hydroxysuccinimide coupling approach, then complete antigen CAP-HS-BSA was synthesized and sprayed on nitrocellulose membrane as test line (T line). Similarly, goat anti-mouse antibody was sprayed as control line (C line). The time required for the analysis was 15 min, and the limit of detection (LOD) for CAP was 0. 1 μg / L, with a working range of 0. 1 - 100 μg / L. In spiked milk samples, the test strip demonstrated high recoveries in the range from 93. 3% to 97. 9% with relative standard deviations of less than 7% .
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@#Giardia lamblia is an important intestinal protozoan which can cause diarrhea in humans. The detection of Giardia infection is performed through the detection methods of pathogen，immunoassay and molecular biology. Currently，the immunodiagnostic methods have good application and development prospect because of high sensitivity and specificity，simple and convenient，and time saving. In this article，we review the main progress and application of immunodiagnostic methods for Giardia infection.
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Background: HCV is a blood borne virus. Mainly HCV infection attacks the liver and can cause chronic Hepatitis, liver cirrhosis (27%) and liver cancer (25%) and shows significant mortality and morbidity. Aim: The present study was to assess ICT kit used in the preliminary screening process of HCV infection among blood donors in a rural teaching hospital, Sangareddy. Nagababu Pyadala, Prudhvi Chand Mallepaddi, Rajaneesh Borugadda, Soumendra Nath Maity, Rohit C. P., Rathnagiri Polavarapu. Comparative evaluation of Immunochromatographic Assay for screening Hepatitis C among blood donors in a rural teaching hospital, Sangareddy. IAIM, 2016; 3(6): 152-156. Page 153 Materials and methods: In this study, 1050 number of blood units were collected from donors containing both voluntary and replacement donors for a period of one year from January 2015 to December 2015. 1050 donors were tested for HCV by using ICT kit and ELISA method. Results: We found 4 out of 1050 subjects tested positive for HCV by using ICT kit and conformed by ELISA method. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the overall performance of the rapid ICT kit for HCV was equally sensitive to ELISA and yet they were cheap and quicker. It can be recommended that ELISA comparable rapid devices may be allowed to be used for preliminary screening of Hepatitis C especially, in remote areas or where cost is an issue.
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INTRODUCTION: The present study was designed to assess the occurrence of co-infection or cross-reaction in the serological techniques used for detecting the anti-Leishmania spp., -Babesia canis vogeli and -Ehrlichia canis antibodies in urban dogs from an area endemic to these parasites. METHODS: The serum samples from dogs were tested for the Babesia canis vogeli strain Belo Horizonte antigen and Ehrlichia canis strain São Paulo by immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and by anti-Leishmania immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody detection to assess Leishmania infection. We used the following four commercial kits for canine visceral leishmaniasis: ELISA, IFAT, Dual Path Platform (DPP) (Bio Manguinhos(r)/FIOCRUZ/MS) and a rK39 RDT (Kalazar Detect Canine Rapid Test; Inbios). RESULTS : Of 96 serum samples submitted to serological assays, 4 (4.2%) were positive for Leishmania as determined by ELISA; 12 (12.5%), by IFAT; 14 (14.6%) by rK39 RDT; and 20 (20.8%), by DPP. Antibodies against Ehrlichia and Babesia were detected in 23/96 (23.9%) and 30/96 (31.2%) samples, respectively. No significant association was identified between the results of tests for detecting Babesia or Ehrlichia and those for detecting Leishmania (p-value>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, we demonstrated co-infection with Ehrlichia or Babesia and Leishmania in dogs from Minas Gerais (Brazil); we also found that the serological tests that were used did not cross-react. .